Staphylococcus aureus ho lintja

Lisosa le li-causative agents tsa lefu lena

Staphylococcus aureus ke mofuta oa libaktheria tse ajoang haholo lefatšeng. Mabaka a ho ata ha lefu lena a kenyelletsa khanyetso e phahameng ea libaktheria tsena ho lithethefatsi, bokhoni ba staphylococci ho kopanya chefo e fapaneng, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e ka sebetsang ka thoko. Sena sohle se thatafatsa tšebeliso ea mekhoa e fapaneng ea ts'ireletso le thibelo. Hape, lithuto tse fapa-fapaneng tsa saense mabapi le lisosa tsa ho ata ha staphylococcus aureus li kenyelletsa ho senyeha ha tikoloho, ho fepa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng ka tsela e sa leka-lekaneng, 'me habohlokoa ka ho fetisisa, tšebeliso e sa laoleheng ea lithibela-mafu ke beng ba liphoofolo.

Ha e le likokoana-hloko tse khethehileng, ho na le mefuta e joalo ea staphylococcus lintja tse kang:

• saprophytic staphylococcus (Staphylococcus saprophyticus);
• epidermal staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus epidermidis);
• Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus);
• Hemolytic staphylococcus (Staphylococcus haemolyticus);
• empa hangata ho lintja coagulase-positive staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus intermedius) e etsahala.

Pele ho ne ho lumeloa hore mefuta eohle e ka holimo ea staphylococcus e ka baka lefu, empa ka lebaka la katleho ea saense ea morao-rao, haholo-holo tlhahlobo ea phylogenetic, ho ile ha fumanoa hore maemong a mangata ke Staphylococcusps eudintermedius, e leng subspecies ea Staphylococcus intermedius, e bakang lipontšo tsa kliniki.

Lingoliloeng tsa khale li bontša hore lefu lena le ka bakoa ke Staphylococcus aureus, empa hona joale ho lumeloa hore pherekano e ne e le ka lebaka la hore likokoana-hloko li tšoana le morphologically le mekhoa ea khale ea tlhahlobo ea laboratori ha ea ka ea ba lumella hore ba khetholle ho e mong.

'Nete: Staphylococcus aureus ha e hlahe ho lintja! (setšoantšo ke phoofolo ea lapeng e nang le otitis media - e 'ngoe ea lipontšo tse ka khonehang tsa lefu lena)

Hemolytic staphylococcus aureus ho lintja e tšoaneloa ke ho buuoa ka ho khetheha. Hemolytic Staphylococcus ke baktheria e bakang liketso tse tšoaetsanoang le ho ruruha 'meleng oa motho. Hemolytic microorganism e fumane lebitso la eona ka lebaka la bokhoni ba eona ba ho hemolysis, ke hore, timetso. Hemolytic staphylococcus ke baktheria ea pathogenic e nang le maemo ho batho, e khona ho baka lits'ebetso tse fapaneng tsa purulent. Ka linako tse ling liphellong tsa setso sa baktheria, mong'a sona o kopana le poleloana e kang "hemolytic coagulase staphylococcus aureus positive ho ntja." Empa ho bolela feela ho ba teng ha ho jala likokoana-hloko tseo e leng karolo ea microflora e tloaelehileng ea ntja, ke hore, e ke ke ea baka tšoaetso, 'me ha ua lokela ho tšoenyeha ka sephetho se joalo.

Na staphylococcus e ka fetisoa ho tloha ho lintja ho ea ho batho?

Potso e atisang ho botsoa ho ngaka ea liphoofolo ke: na hoa khoneha ho fumana staphylococcus aureus ho ntja? Na mofuta o khethehileng oa staphylococcus aureus ho lintja o kotsi ho batho - intermedius? Ka bomalimabe, tabeng ena, karabo ke e. Ho sa tsotellehe taba ea hore ho ea ka boitsebiso ba morao-rao ho fumanoe hore lintja lefu lena le bakoa haholo ke ho kenngoa ha Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, 'me ho batho ke Staphylococcus aureus le epidermal, colonization ea "canine" e hanyetsanang le lithethefatsi Staphylococcus aureus e ka boela ea etsahala. batho. Tabeng ena, batho ba nang le boits'ireletso bo fokolang, bofokoli ba vithamine, hammoho le bana ba banyenyane le batho ba hōlileng ba lokela ho ba hlokolosi.

E le ho qoba tšoaetso nakong ea phekolo le ka mor'a ho kopana le phoofolo e kulang, hlatsoa matsoho ka botlalo. U lokela ho ba hlokolosi nakong ea phekolo 'me u se ke ua lumella matsoho a sa hlatsuoang a motho hore a kopane le lera la hae le maqeba a letlalo.

matšoao a

Matšoao a tšoaetso ea staphylococcal a itšetlehile ka mofuta oa likokoana-hloko le setho se amehileng. Hajoale, staphylococcosis e tsepamisitse maikutlo ebile e akaretsa. Sebopeho se akaretsang se tšoaneloa ke tlhokomelo e khethehileng, e ka lebisang ho sepsis le lefu la phoofolo.

Hoa hlokomeleha hore tšoaetso ea staphylococcal e ka hlaha ka matšoao a fapaneng: ho tloha lits'ebetsong tse sa foleng tsa septic, tse tsamaeang le nts'etsopele ea li-abscesses lithong tsa ka hare, ho ea ho liso tse fapa-fapaneng tsa letlalo tse ka hlahang e le conjunctivitis, cystitis, otitis media, rhinitis, pyometra, polyarthritis, gingivitis, joalo-joalo Empa ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore hangata sesosa sa lefu lena hase boteng ba staphylococcus 'meleng, empa lisosa tse ling.

Leha ho le joalo, ponahatso e tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa ea staphylococcus lintja hona joale ke letšoao la pyoderma, kapa ho ruruha ha purulent ea letlalo, ke hore, ntja e tla ba le cocci letlalong. Lefu lena, ho itšetlehile ka matla, le arotsoe ka holimo le ho teba, 'me purulent otitis e boetse e arotsoe ka thoko. Liphoofolo tse nyenyane, pyoderma hangata e iponahatsa ka sebōpeho sa pustules ka mpeng, sefuba, hlooho le litsebeng (li-otitis media tse matla le tse sa foleng tse nang le purulent discharge). Ka otitis, monko o monate o tsoang litsebeng o hlokomeloa, lintja li hlohlona, ​​li sisinya litsebe tsa tsona. Hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore otitis media e ka 'na ea e-ba eona feela pontšo ea lefu lena.

Foromo e akaretsang e ka ba ka lebaka la khaello ea kalafo ea lits'ebetso tse tsepamisitsoeng kapa ho nts'etsapele khahlano le semelo sa mafu a mang a nang le litlolo tse matla tsa botšepehi ba letlalo le vascular permeability. Hape, mofuta o akaretsang o ka hlaha khahlano le semelo sa kalafo e fosahetseng - ka mohlala, ha litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa lithethefatsi tse seng tsa steroidal tse khahlanong le ho ruruha li kopantsoe hammoho le lithethefatsi tsa corticosteroid, tse lebisang ho fokotseha ho hlakileng ha khanyetso ea 'mele.

tlhathoba

Lefatšeng la kajeno, ha ho thata ho fumana "staphylococcosis". Ka mefuta ea letlalo ea lefu lena - ka mohlala, ka pel'a staphylococcus aureus litsebeng tsa ntja kapa tabeng ea liso tsa letlalo (ha staphylococcus e fumanoa feela letlalong), ho lekane hore ngaka e nke smear imprint cytology. etsa tlhahlobo. Empa ka maqeba a tsamaiso, hammoho le mafu a ho ruruha a senya (ke hore, ha staphylococcus e fumanoa litekong tsa moroto), ho hlokahala tlhahlobo e feletseng ea phoofolo ea lapeng: palo e feletseng ea mali, biochemistry ea mali le sampole ho tsoa lithong tse amehileng. bacteriological setso le tlamang titration ya diphetho ho lithibela-mafu.

Kalafo ea staphylococcus

Mokhoa oa ho phekola staphylococcus aureus ho lintja? Ke habohlokoa ho utloisisa hore bakeng sa phekolo ea staphylococcus, ho bohlokoa ho sebelisa mokhoa o kopanetsoeng o kenyelletsang phekolo ea lehae le ea tsamaiso. Ha e le hantle, motho a ke ke a etsa ntle le phekolo ea lithibela-mafu bakeng sa lefu lena, empa mong'a lona o tlameha ho utloisisa hore ho ke ke ha khoneha ho khetha lithethefatsi, litekanyetso le mokhoa oa phekolo ea lithibela-mafu lapeng - sena se lokela ho etsoa ke setsebi sa bongaka ba liphoofolo. Hape, maemong a mangata a lefu lena, haholo-holo fuoa bothata ba ntshetsopele ya manganga mefuta ea staphylococci, ho fumana hore na mofuta oa lithibela-mafu, ho ke ke ho hlokahala hore ho etsa bacteriological setso le boikemisetso ba subtitration ho lithibela-mafu.

Empa mafung a mang (mohlala, kalafong ea mafu a letlalo), empiric antibiotic therapy e boetse e sebelisoa, ke hore, matšoao, ha kutloisiso ea bacteriological e sa tsejoe. 'Nete ke hore letlalong la lintja ho na le palo e kholo ea microflora, ho kenyelletsa le e sireletsehileng ka ho feletseng, kahoo liphello tsa ho jala hangata li na le maikutlo a fosahetseng. Maemong a joalo, ngaka e etsa qeto ea ho sebelisa lithibela-mafu tse pharaletseng. Hape, ka bomalimabe, maemong a mang, lithibela-mafu li tlameha ho sebelisoa nako e telele (ho fihlela ho khoeli e le 'ngoe kapa tse peli ka tatellano) ho phekola mafu a tloaelehileng a staphylococcal.

Ntle le kalafo ea lithibela-mafu, lithethefatsi tse kang lihomone tsa corticosteroid kapa li-antihistamine (mohlala, ho emisa pyoderma ka lebaka la ho kulisoa ke lijo), li-hepatoprotectors, lithethefatsi tsa choleretic bakeng sa kalafo ea mafu a sebete, litokisetso tsa vithamine bakeng sa mafu a amanang le khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng ea phoofolo e sebelisoa. tšoara mafu a staphylococcal lintja. , hammoho le lijo tse khethehileng (mohlala, li fepa ka protheine hydrolysate).

Phekolo ea lihlooho e sebelisoa bakeng sa lipontšo tsa letlalo la staphylococcus aureus 'me e lula e hlokahala hammoho le phekolo ea tsamaiso e le ho fokotsa nako ea phekolo le ho fokotsa ho ata ha libaktheria tsa holim'a metsi. Kalafo ea lehae e kenyelletsa tšebeliso ea li-antiseptics tse nang le thepa ea ho omisa le ho thibela likokoana-hloko. E 'ngoe ea lithethefatsi tse tsebahalang haholo ke tharollo ea 0,05% ea chlorhexidine, hammoho le miramistin, furacillin. Ka maqeba a mangata a letlalo, tšebeliso ea li-shampoo tse khethehileng tsa bongaka ba liphoofolo tse nang le tharollo ea 4-5% ea chlorhexidine e nepahetse. Ka dermatitis ea purulent, li-sprays tsa lithibela-mafu, tse kang terramycin spray kapa chemi spray, li na le phello e ntle ea phekolo. Ka pel'a staphylococcus aureus litsebeng, marotholi a tsebe a nang le lithibela-mafu a sebelisoa. Empa ke habohlokoa ho hopola hore tšebeliso ea litlhare tsa lehae maemong a mangata ha ea lekana.

Ha e le hantle, lintja tse hlahisang staphylococci ka morao ho mafu a mang li hloka ho fumana phekolo e nepahetseng bakeng sa lefu le ka sehloohong ho phaella ho phekolo ea tšoaetso ea staph. Ka mohlala, ka ho ruruha ha purulent ea popelo (pyometra), phekolo ea ho buuoa ea lefu lena e sebelisoa.

Hoa thahasellisa ho hlokomela hore mekhoa ea phekolo ea S. aureus ho batho le S. intermedius ho lintja ha e fapane haholo.

Mathata a ka bang teng

Mathata a ka bang teng a tšoaetso ea staph ho lintja a kenyelletsa nts'etsopele ea ho hanyetsa lithibela-mafu. Ka bomalimabe, hajoale, ho na le tšekamelo ea ho ata ha staphylococcus aureus e hanyetsanang le mefuta e mengata, ke hore, e hanyetsanang le lithibela-mafu tse tloaelehileng, lefatšeng ka bophara. Ka lebaka la lipatlisiso, ho 'nile ha pakoa hore ho lintja tse anngoeng ke staphylococcus, staphylococcus aureus e hanyetsanang le lithethefatsi e ka aroloa selemo kaofela ka mor'a hore e hlaphoheloe, ka hona, liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng li lokela ho nkoa e le mohloli o ka sehloohong oa ho ata ha kotsi ena e kotsi. tšoaetso.

staphylococcus aureus ho malinyane

Tlhokomelo e khethehileng e tšoaneloa ke staphylococcus aureus ho malinyane. Matšoao a staphylococcus aureus ho lesea a kenyelletsa mathata a tsamaiso (ho hlatsa, letšollo) le lipontšo tsa sebaka seo (dermatitis). Tsoelo-pele ea lefu lena ho malinyane a ka sehloohong a amahanngoa le litšobotsi tse amanang le lilemo tsa tsamaiso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung le metabolism, e leng se tlatsetsang ho nts'etsopele ea mafu a sa tšoaneng.

Mathata a tsamaiso a tsamaisana le li-gag reflexes, litulo tse hlephileng khafetsa, tse ka lebisang ho felloa ke matla ha 'mele oa ntja. Esita le lefu lea khoneha. Linyeoe li hlalosoa ha lithōle tse ka ntle tsa malinyane li shoele ka tšohanyetso. Maemong a mang, ho phatloha ho hlokomeloa ka mpeng le ka mpeng, ho eketseha ha lymph nodes tse bonahalang.

Hape ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore mochine oa liketso tsa lithethefatsi ho malinyane a fapane haholo le liphoofolo tse kholo. Ka mohlala, ha ho kgothaletswe ho fa bana ba dintja dithibela-mafu ka molomo hobane ba ka ama microflora ea mala hampe. Hape, ka bomalimabe, ho tlameha ho nkoa hore tšoaetso e tloaelehileng ea letlalo ho lesea e ka lebisa ho lefu la tsamaiso (sepsis). Ka hona, kalafo le thibelo ea mafu a malinyane a lokela ho tšoaroa ka tlhokomelo e khethehileng. Ntho feela e ntle ke taba ea hore ka phekolo e nepahetseng, malinyane a fola ka potlako ho feta liphoofolo tse kholo, 'me ka lebaka leo, a hloka phekolo e khutšoanyane ea lithibela-mafu.

Ho ne ho boetse ho lumeloa hore sesosa sa nts'etsopele ea purulent conjunctivitis ho malinyane ke Staphylococcus aureus, kaha e ne e fumanoa lijalo tse tsoang mokotleng oa conjunctival. Empa morao tjena ho 'nile ha pakoa hore libaktheria hase tsona sesosa se ka sehloohong sa ntshetsopele ea conjunctivitis, kamehla ho hlokahala hore u batle ntlha e' ngoe ea etiological - e ka ba ho kula, tšenyo ea mechine, likarolo tsa anatomical (mohlala, ectopic eyelashes), joalo-joalo. .

Mekhoa ea thibelo

Bakeng sa thibelo ea tšoaetso ea staphylococcal, ho tlameha ho utloisisoa hore baktheria ena ke ea microflora ea pathogenic, ke hore, liphoofolo tsohle tse phetseng hantle hangata li na le staphylococcus aureus. E lebisa ho lefu lena feela tlas'a maemo a itseng. Ka hona, tlhokomelo e nepahetseng ea lintja ke ea bohlokoa ka ho khetheha, ho akarelletsa le phepo e nepahetseng ka ho feletseng (lijo tsa indasteri kapa lijo tse entsoeng lapeng tse leka-lekaneng ka ho buisana le setsebi sa phepo e nepahetseng), bohloeki, ho tsamaea ho lekaneng, le ho senya liphoofolo tse sa amehang ho ikatisa.

Ka bomalimabe, hajoale ho na le bopaki ba nako e telele ea ho phela ha staphylococcus e hanyetsanang le lithethefatsi tse ngata linthong tsa tikoloho (ho fihlela likhoeli tse 6 ka mor'a ho hlaphoheloa ha liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng). Ka hona, ntle le ho phekola mokuli ka boeena, tlhokomelo e khethehileng e lokela ho lefshoa ho thibela likokoana-hloko tikolohong.

'Me u hopole hore ho hlahlojoa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng feela le phekolo e behiloeng hantle ho tla u lumella ho phekola phoofolo ea hau ea lapeng le ho se kopane le microflora e hanyetsanang le lithibela-mafu!

Sengoliloeng ha se pitso ea ho nka khato!

Bakeng sa thuto e qaqileng haholoanyane ea bothata, re khothaletsa ho ikopanya le setsebi.

Botsa ngaka ea liphoofolo

11 September 2020

E ntlafalitsoe: Hlakola 13, 2021