Likokoana-hloko tsa lipapakhaie le likhoho tse ling

Likokoana-hloko tsa ka ntle

Batho ba jang Downy

Likokoanyana tse jang tlase ke lelapa la likokoanyana tse se nang mapheo tsa mofuta oa Phthiraptera, ka ntle e ts'oana le ntaeane, e na le 'mele o sootho o bataletseng le o molelele oa bolelele ba 1-3 mm le bophara ba 0,3 mm, maroo a nang le manala. Ba baka lefu la mallophagosis. Tšoaetso e etsahala ha nonyana e tšoaelitsoeng e kopana le e phetseng hantle, hammoho le ka lintho tse tloaelehileng bakeng sa linonyana - li-perches, feeders, lihlaha, lieta tsa ho itlhatsoa le lehlabathe la ho hlapa. Batho ba jang Downy ba ja fatše le masiba, likaroloana tsa letlalo la nonyana. Matšoao a tšoaetso a kenyelletsa ho tšoenyeha, ho hlohlona, ​​ho lahleheloa ke takatso ea lijo le boima ba 'mele, ponahalo ea libaka tsa lefatla' meleng, li-crusts letlalong li ka hlaha, 'me lera la mahlo le atisa ho ruruha. Ho fokotsa ho itšireletsa mafung a sa tšoaneng. Pene e shebahala e sa phele hantle, e senyehile, e lerootho ebile e na le masoba a manyane ha e shejoa hantle. U ka bona likokoanyana tse tsamaeang le lihlopha tse chitja tsa mahe a tsona botlaaseng ba masiba a nang le khanya e nyenyane e nang le khalase e khanyang.

Knemidocoptosis

Likhopo tsa linonyana tse khabisang tse bakoang ke likokoanyana tsa mofuta oa Knemidokoptes. Liboseleise li phunya liphasejeng tse ngata tlas'a letlalo le maqepha a marotholi a tsona. Nonyana ena e tšohile, e hlohlona ebile e ntša masiba a eona. Letlalo lea ruruha, le ba le maqeba. Litekanyo tsa li-paws li phahama, li fetola 'mala, li-coarsen, necrosis ea phalanges ea menoana e ka' na ea etsahala. Boka le sebaka se potolohileng mahlo se ka eketseha, sa fetola 'mala le sebopeho, molomo oa holofala. Tšoaetso ea nonyana e phetseng hantle e etsahala ka ho kopana ka ho toba le nonyana e nang le tšoaetso kapa ka lintho tse sebelisoang ka tloaelo, tseo liboseleise li ka oelang ho tsona. Bakeng sa tlhahlobo, microscopy ea scrapings e etsoa.

Syringophiliasis

Matšoao a sternostomosis

Sesosa ke tracheal mite sternostoma tracheacolum 0,2-0,3 mm. bophara le 0,4-0,6 limilimithara. bolelele. The tracheal mite e tšoaetsa mekotla ea moea, matšoafo, bronchi, trachea, ka linako tse ling e ka fumanoa le masapong a masapo.

E ama haholo-holo linonyana tse nyenyane - lithaha, astrild, canaries, lipapakhaie tse nyenyane, haholo-holo tse nyenyane, li fetisoa ka marotholi a moea le ka lijo le metsi. Nonyana e khaotsa ho bina, e ikhohomosa, e theola boima ba 'mele, e etsa metsamao ea ho metsa khafetsa, ho thimola le ho khohlela, ho hema ka molomo o bulehileng. Koala e baka ho ruruha, tšitiso ea tsela ea moea, tšenyo le matetetso karolong e ka holimo ea phefumoloho e lebisang ho pneumonia le lefu la nonyana. Ka tekanyo e tlase ea tlhaselo, lefu lena le na le asymptomatic.

Li-fleas

Matsetse a linonyana tse bolokiloeng hae a fumaneha seoelo. Empa, leha ho le joalo, li-fleas (khoho, letata le leeba letsetse) li ka tlisoa le phoofolo ea lapeng e ncha, lijo tse tsoang limmarakeng tse bulehileng, hammoho le lieta kapa liaparo. Matsetse a nonyana (Ceratophyllus gallinae) a fapane hanyane le matsetse a katse le a ntja. Linonyana li phatlalalitse ho hlohlona, ​​libaka tse nang le letlalo le khubelu le teteaneng li hlaha, linonyana ha li phomole, li khona ho phunya masiba. Maemong a boima, phokolo ea mali e hlaha. Li-fleas li boetse li kotsi hobane ke bajari ba mafu a mangata a tšoaetsanoang le helminths.

likokoana-hloko tse ka hare

Likokoana-hloko tsa Helminths

Bobeli linonyana tse khabisang le tse behang li tšoaelitsoe ke lihlopha tse joalo tsa helminths tse kang cestodes (tapeworms), nematodes (roundworms) le filamentous worms. Tšoaetso e ka hlaha ka mabotho a mahareng, likokoanyana tse monyang mali, kapa ka lintho tse silafetseng, metsi, lijo, lipheko. Ho na le kotsi e kholo ea ho kula ho linonyana tse seterateng kapa foranteng, kaha ho na le monyetla o moholo oa ho kopana le linonyana tse hlaha.

• Li-helminths tse phelang ka har'a pampitšana ea mala (cestodes Triuterina, Biporouterina, Railietina, nematodes Ascaridia, Ascarops, Capillaria, Heterakis, Ascarops): ho tsieleha, boemo bo sa tloaelehang, takatso ea lijo e fokotsehileng kapa e sothehileng, mpa e phatlohileng, ho senyeha ha mpa, ho senyeha ha mapheo, ho senyeha ha lesela. , mamina le mali ka har'a matlakala.
• Li-helminths tse phelang ka har'a sebete (li-flukes tsa lelapa la Dicrocoeda): sebete se atolositsoeng, ho hana ho ja, ho fokola, phokolo ea mali.
• Likokoana-hloko tse itseng tse amang liphio tsa lipapakhaie (flukes of the genus Paratanaisia) li lebisa ponahatsong ea matšoao a nephropathy ho linonyana: ho holofala, polyuria (keketseho ea metsi a bolokoe), ho fokola, paresis kapa ho holofala ha e le 'ngoe kapa ka bobeli. maoto.
• Li-helminths tse phelang lithong tsa ho hema (Syngamus spp.): ho hana ho fepa, ho khathala, masiba a hlabang, khohlela.
• Liboko tse hlahang mahlong (nematodes Thelazia, Oxispirura, Ceratospira, Annulospira) li ka bonahala ho "leihlo le hlobotseng", empa hangata nonyana e ba le conjunctivitis, blepharitis, letlalo la mahlo le fetoha le khubelu le ho ruruha, nonyana e tšohile. ea khanya e khanyang, squints mahlo a eona, ho pota-pota mahlo a ka oela tsoa masiba.
• Likokoana-hloko tse phelang tlas'a letlalo (Pelicitus spp.) li lebisa ponahalong ea maqhubu a bonolo a bonahalang ho pota-potile manonyeletso. Ho hlahloba le ho theha mofuta oa helminth, thuto ea mantle e etsoa.
• Ka palo e nyane ea likokoana-hloko, matšoao a helminthiasis ka parrot a ka ba sieo.

Giardiasis, histomanosis, coccidiosis, chlamydia, rickettsiosis

Mafu a bakoa ke protozoa. Mala, sebete le litho tse ling tsa ka hare lia ameha. Matšoao a kenyelletsa phetoho ea 'mala le sebopeho sa mantle, mohlomong a nang le mali le mamina. Nonyana e shebahala e le letheba, e ferekane, e ka 'na ea hana ho nka lijo le metsi. Ho na le liponahatso tse tsoang tsamaisong ea ho hema le mahlo, ponahalo ea liphiri, ho ruruha, ho thimola. Ho eketseha ha mocheso oa 'mele hangata ho tlalehoa. Ka tloaelo, ke likhato tse 40-42 ho linonyana. Kotsi ea lefu e phahame, haholo-holo ho liphoofolo tse nyenyane, ka phekolo e sa lebelloang. Lefu le hlaha ka lebaka la ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng le ho senyeha ha tšebetso ea litho tsa ka hare tsa nonyana. Tlhahlobo e etsoa motheong oa microscope ea setuloana, matšoao a kliniki, postmortem autopsy haeba motho a ka shoa. Kotsi ho batho ke chlamydia, rickettsia le giardia.

Phekolo ea mafu a likokoana-hloko

Kalafo e khethehileng e reretsoe ho senya likokoana-hloko, ke ka lebaka leo ho leng bohlokoa ho hlakisa mofuta oa likokoanyana. Sebelisa lithethefatsi ka hloko. Ho latela litlhahiso tsa setsebi sa linonyana. Tšebeliso e fosahetseng kapa khatello e feteletseng ea ntho e sebetsang e ka bolaea nonyana. Bakeng sa kalafo ea li-ectoparasites, ho na le tharollo e fapaneng ka mokhoa oa emulsion, spray kapa phofo. Nakong ea ts'ebetso, ho hlokahala ho sireletsa mahlo hore a se ke a fumana sehlahisoa, sena se ka etsoa ho sebelisa cap cap. Bakeng sa kalafo, o ka sebelisa setlolo se hlapolotsoeng sa Neostomozan, le litokisetso tse thehiloeng ho fipronil, deltamethrin, ivermectin, moxidectin, mafura a aversectin, ho nka mehato ea ho itšireletsa. Taba ea pele, ho khothaletsoa ho lekola karabelo ea nonyana ka ho sebelisa sehlahisoa sebakeng se senyane sa masiba le letlalo la uXNUMXbuXNUMXb, haeba ntho e ngoe le e ngoe e hlophisitsoe, e ka alafshoa ka botlalo, ho qoba chefo, litokisetso. li sebelisoa ka lesela la k'hothone, thupa kapa borashe tlas'a masiba, letlalong. Sethethefatsi se sireletsehileng ke Beaphar spray le lithethefatsi tse ling tse thehiloeng ho permetrin, bakeng sa polokeho e kholoanyane, moriana o sebelisoa ka borashe bo bonolo tlas'a masiba. pheta mokhoa ona ka mor'a matsatsi a seng makae. Ho sireletsa le ho phekola likhoho ho tloha helminths le protozoa, litokisetso tse rarahaneng tse thehiloeng ho praziquantel, fenbendazole, levomisole, le ivermectin li sebelisoa. Setsebi sa linonyana se khetha tekanyo ea motho ka mong ho latela boima ba 'mele le mofuta oa likokoana-hloko,' me se fana ka litlhahiso mabapi le tšebeliso ea moriana o itseng. Hangata, chelete ea likatse le lintja e sebelisoa ka tekanyo e itseng.

thibelo ea

Ha ho khonehe ho etsa maemo a nyopa hore linonyana tse khabisang li phele, empa ho eletsoa ho latela mehato ea thibelo. Hoa hlokahala ho etsa disinfection ea kamehla ea lisele ka tharollo le ho chesa feela ka metsi a belang. Linonyana tse ncha li tlameha ho behelloa ka thoko ka har'a lesaka le arohaneng hole le e kholo le kalafo ea thibelo ho tsoa ho likokoana-hloko tse kantle le tse kahare li lokela ho etsoa. Tšoaetso e ka hlaha ka lijo, metsi, makala le liphekolo tse ling, hammoho le linonyana tse ling, ho kenyeletsa le tse hlaha. U lokela hape ho fana ka nonyana e nang le cage kapa aviary e pharaletseng, u e hloekise kamehla, u nkele metsi ka likotlolong tsa ho noa le likamore tsa ho hlapa ka metsi a hloekileng bonyane hang ka matsatsi a 1-2, 'me u e fepe ka lijo tsa boleng.