Mokhoa oa ho tseba mofuta oa ntja

Ho tsoala, phenotype, mestizo kapa "nobleman" - ke mang lefatšeng la lintja

Netefatso ea semmuso ea bohloeki ba phoofolo ke leloko la eona. Ntle le eona, ntja leha e le efe, esita le haeba e lumellana ka ho feletseng le litekanyetso tsa mekhatlo ea cynological, ha e na tokelo ea ho hlahisa maemo.

Pedigree - karete eo ho eona ho hlokomeloang lintlha tse latelang: mabitso a bosoasoi a ntja le batsoali ba hae, a bonts'a litlotla le litekanyetso tse amoheloang ke bahlahisi ba lithōle nakong ea bophelo ba bona, thobalano le letsatsi la tsoalo ea malinyane, sekhobo, mabitso a bosoasoi a baholo-holo (bonyane 3). meloko).

Hape ha hoa lokela ho rekota ntja e se nang leloko e le pooch, hobane bakeng sa liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng tse nang le maemo a loketseng (le ka linako tse ling a loketseng) ka ntle, bahlahisi ba na le lebitso le arohaneng - phenotype. Phapang e kholo pakeng tsa phoofolo ea lapeng ea phenotypic le phoofolo ea lapeng ke litokomane tse sa fetoheng. Ho feta moo, ntja e ka ba le baholo-holo ba loketseng ho latela liphatsa tsa lefutso, empa ka mabaka a itseng ha baa ka ba bontšoa 'me ha baa ka ba fumana tokelo ea ho ikatisa.

Lintja tse tsoetsoeng ka lebaka la ho kopana ha mefuta e 'meli e fapaneng ke mestizos. Ho na le likaroloana tse peli tsa mestizos - tse tsoetsoeng ka tlhaho, hammoho le tlas'a tšusumetso ea motho (ho tšela mefuta ka boomo). Ntho ea bohlokoa: ka molao feela ntja e tsoang ho bahlahisi ba nang le litokomane tsa tlhaho e ka bitsoa mestizo.

Mongorel e se e le motsoako oa mefuta e meraro kapa ho feta. Ho feta moo, baholo-holo ba phoofolo e ka ba batho ka bomong purebred, mestizos, le mongrels tse ling. Ha e le hantle, "letšoao le letle" le ka behoa le ho malinyane, ao e mong oa batsoali ba hae e leng leloko le hloekileng, 'me oa bobeli ke moahi ea tloaelehileng oa literata tsa toropo.

Mokhoa oa ho tseba mofuta oa ntja

Ho ba teng ha brand / chip ho nolofatsa mosebetsi haholo, kaha ntja e nang le "passport" e joalo e ka lula e hlahisoa ke setsebi se balang habonolo lintlha tse tsoang matšoao a teng. Ka ho tlosa "mehatla" boemo bo thata haholoanyane. Ha e le hantle, ha ho motho ea hanelang ho nehelana ka ntja ho setsebi sa cynologist se tla etsa tlhahlobo ebe se khetholla sehlopha se le seng kapa tse ngata tsa mefuta e laolang phenotype ea phoofolo. Empa hoo e ka bang kamehla phoso ea teko e joalo e tla ba khōlō haholo.

Ho ea ka lipalo-palo, ke bahlokomeli ba lintja ba 27 feela ho ba 100 ba atlehang ho khetholla ka nepo mefuta e faneng ka liphatsa tsa lefutso ho phoofolo ea mestizo (re bua, ehlile, ka tlhahlobo ea pono).

Ho tloha ho mathata a "boitsebahatso", potso ea tlhaho e hlaha: ke hobane'ng ha u ka tseba mofuta oa ntja ho hang, haeba ntle le lesika e ke ke ea e-ba naleli ea lipontšo le lipontšo tsa lintja? Bahlahisi ba hlalosa sena ka taba ea hore, ho tseba motheo oa liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa phoofolo ea lapeng, ho bonolo haholo ho shebella bophelo bo botle ba eona. E leng: ho senola boemo ba mafu a lefutso. Ka mohlala, brachycephalic ocular and obstructive breathing syndrome hangata e ama mefuta e nang le li-muzzles tse khutšoanyane (brachycephals), hammoho le beng ka bona ba haufi-ufi, 'me ke ka seoelo, baemeli ba malapa a mang a canine.

Mokhoa oa ho tseba mofuta oa ntja

Ha ntjanyana e le nyane, ha e na monyetla oa ho tseba hore na e tsoa kae. Likarolo tse silafetseng, liphetoho tsa 'mala, khōlo e sa tšoaneng, ponahalo ea matheba a seaparo (Dalmatians) - liketsahalo tsena tsohle, tse ke keng tsa qojoa bakeng sa malinyane, li liehisa ts'ebetso feela. Kahoo haeba u nka phoofolo ea lapeng ntle le litokomane, nka liphetoho tsa eona tse amanang le lilemo ka khutso - ho ke ke ha khoneha ho bolela esale pele hore na lesea le rekileng "matsohong" le tla hōla. Ka mokhoa o ts'eptjoang, mofuta oa ntja o khethoa ho tloha likhoeling tse 6, le hoja li-cynologists ka botsona li nka lilemo tse le 'ngoe tsa phoofolo e le tse nepahetseng.

Mokhoa oa ho tseba mofuta oa ntja e kholo ka matšoao a kantle

Ho molemo ho hlahloba litšobotsi tsa ka ntle ka kakaretso, ho bua ka buka ea litšupiso kapa maemo a tlhaho. Empa hopola hore le "bahlomphehi" molokong oa nth, molao-motheo ona o ke ke oa sebetsa - motsoako o teteaneng oa liphatsa tsa lefutso o teng phenotype ea bona. Empa boemong bo nang le mestizos, menyetla ea "boitsebiso" bo atlehileng e phahame haholo.

Ka bophahamo le boima

Lefatše la lintja le na le linatla tsa lona, ​​li-middlings le li-dwarfs. RKF e khetholla mefuta e 3 ea mantlha ea majoe ho latela boholo ba baemeli ba bona.

Large

Lintja tse bolelele ba 60 cm ha li pona le boima ba 'mele ba 25-30 kg. Baemeli ba hlaheletseng: Ntja ea Molisa ea Europe Bochabela, Briard, Maremma-Abruzzo Shepherd Dog, American Bulldog, Doberman, Caucasian Shepherd Dog, Black Russian Terrier, Giant Schnauzer, Alaskan Malamute, joalo-joalo.

Mefuta eohle e meholo ea lintja

karolelano

Lintja tse mahareng ke lintja ho tloha ho 40 ho isa ho 60 cm ha li pona ka boima ba lik'hilograma tse 12-25. Mefuta e meng e khetholloang ke RKF e le ea mahareng: French Bulldog, Lhasa Apso, Russian Spaniel, Pharaoh Hound, Chow Chow, East Siberian Laika, Welsh Terrier, Border Collie, American Stafford, Bull Terrier, Thai Ridgeback, Beagle, joalo-joalo.

Mefuta eohle ea lintja tse mahareng

Small

Har'a mefuta e menyenyane, ho na le lihlopha tse tharo tse kholo tse khethollang: lintja tse nyenyane (bolelele - ho fihlela ho 40 cm; boima - ho fihlela ho 10-12 lik'hilograma), tse nyenyane (bophahamo bo pona - ho fihlela ho 35 cm; boima ba 'mele - ho fihlela ho 5 kg. ), toi (bolelele - eseng ho feta 28 cm; boima - ka hare ho 2 kg). "Masea" a tloaelehileng: Miniature Pinscher, Yorkshire Terrier, Mexican Hairless Dog, Belgian Griffon, Pug, Chinese Crested Dog, Russian Toy Terrier, Chihuahua, Malta, Petit Brabancon, Papillon, Japanese Chin, Tibetan Spaniel, Coton de Tulear, Manchester Terrier joalo-joalo. .

Mefuta eohle ea lintja tse nyane

Ka mofuta oa litsebe

Boholo, boemo le sebōpeho sa lesela la tsebe ke litšobotsi tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa mefuta e ka tsebang ho hongata ka "metso" ea phoofolo ea lapeng.

Ho phaella ho sebopeho le sete, litsebe li ka 'na tsa fapana ho ba teng / ho ba sieo ha masiba a khabisitsoeng. Mefuta e ke keng ea ferekanngoa ka lebaka la tšobotsi ena: papillon, Russia ea moriri o molelele oa toy terrier, briar.

Ka bolelele ba molomo

Borokho bo bolelele ba nko ho lintja ha se kamehla bo bolelang motho ea sniffer ea boemo ba pele. Leha ho le joalo, ho isa tekanyong e kholo, tšobotsi e joalo ea anatomical ke ea tlhaho ho baemeli ba malapa a tsomang.

E ikatisa ka linko tse telele:

'Me ha e le hantle, u se ke ua lebala ka baemeli ba lelapa la "polar" canine - brachycephals. Kahoo haeba ntja ea hau e na le molomo o mokhutšoanyane kapa o bataletseng, ho ka etsahala hore liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa hae li hlokomeloe:

Hack ea bophelo bakeng sa ba thahasellang: ha u khetholla mofuta oa ntja ka bolelele ba molomo, u se ke ua lebala ka sebōpeho sa mokokotlo oa nko. E le mohlala: li-muzzles tsa poho le li-hound tsa Afghan li batla li lekana ka bolelele, empa ka pono li fapane haholo.

Sebopeho le boholo ba mohatla

Mehatla ka sebopeho sa corkscrew e bobebe ke tšobotsi ea Chow Chow, Pug le Akita Inu. Mohatla-folakha, e eme e otlolohile, ke letšoao le khethollang la li-beagles. Sebopeho se nang le sebopeho sa hoko se nang le ntlha e phahamisitsoeng hanyane ke setlama sa mofuta oa Briards le Pyrenean Shepherds. Mohatla oa likhoto, joalo ka oa Irish Water Spaniel, ke motheo o matla, oa boea le ntlha e tšesaane e koahetsoeng ke moriri o fokolang. Labrador Retriever e na le seo ho thoeng ke mohatla oa otter: o teteaneng botlaaseng, o pota-potile ho ea ntlheng ebe o batalatsa ka tlase.

Bull Terriers ke beng ba mehatla e otlolohileng, eo hape e bitsoang melamu. Tšobotsi ea boitsebahatso ke sebopeho se ts'oanang le motsu oa linotsi. Reng e ntlheng ea mohatla bakeng sa mefuta e mengata e nkoa e le sekoli se tebileng sa conformation, empa eseng bakeng sa Afghan Hound, eo "moralo" o joalo e leng tšobotsi ea litšupiso. Hangata mehatla ea Crescent ke ea Siberian Huskies. Mehatla ea squirrel, e kobehileng ka pele, e tloaelehile ho Pekingese.

Ho ea ka bolelele le sebopeho sa seaparo

Mofuta oa seaparo le ona o tla fokotsa haholo mefuta ea lipatlisiso tsa mefuta. Li-cynologists li khetholla mefuta e 6 ea mantlha ea "liaparo" tsa lintja:

• mofuta o hlaha - moriri o molelele molaleng, 'meleng, mohatleng le o mokgutshwane maropeng le hloohong;
• moriri o mokhutšoane - seaparo se boreleli se ts'oanang ho pholletsa le 'mele o nang le bonyane ba undercoat kapa ntle le eona;
• moriri o nang le terata - moriri o mahoashe, o mahlahahlaha kapa o bōpehileng joaloka spindle, o etsa poso ea ketane e sireletsang 'meleng oa phoofolo;
• moriri o molelele - seaparo se silika, hangata se leketlile ka fringe, se ka ba se boreleli kapa se phunyeletse.

Ka har'a mefuta e meholo ea boea, ho na le li-subspecies.

Lintja tse se nang moriri - Chinese Crested, Xoloitzcuintle, American Hairless Terrier, Ecuadorian Hairless, Abyssinian Sand Terrier, Peruvian Inca Orchid, Deerhound (e sa tsejoe ka molao ke mekhatlo ea cynological), Manchurian Hairless.

moriri o boreledi - Great Dane, Doberman, Dalmatian, Cane Corso, Boxer, Ca de Bo, Greyhound ea Italy, Pharaoh Hound, joalo-joalo.

Batho ba nang le letlalo le mennoeng - Sharpei, Neapolitan Mastiff, Pug.

E moriri o molelele ka undercoat e nyane – Japanese Chin.

Moriri o molelele o nang le undercoat e ngata - Pekingese.

Liphoofolo tse nang le moriri o likhoele kapa o mete - likulo, komondor, molisa oa bergama.

Moriri o nang le sekoahelo sa mofuta o mokgutshwane - fox terrier e moriri o boreleli, Hungarian vizsla.

Seaparo se mahoashe sa bolelele bo mahareng - schnauzer e tloaelehileng, Irish terrier.

Lintja tse nang le moriri o mahoashe o kobehileng - Airedale Terrier, Welsh Terrier.

Batho ba nang le moriri o mokgutshwane o harelaneng – Curly Coated Retriever.

Central Asian Shepherd Dog e nkoa e le mong'a ea tloaelehileng oa seaparo sa mofuta o hlaha. Hape, litsebi tsa cynologists li khetholla mofuta o mong o eketsehileng, o kenyelletsang lintja tse moriri o sephara tse nang le moriri o bonolo le o motenya haholo (bobtails).

Ka mmala

Tsela e bonolo ka ho fetisisa ea ho tseba mefuta ea lintja tse nang le mefuta e sa tloaelehang ea mebala. Ka mohlala, hoa tsebahala hore 'mala oa merle o batla o le Bull Terrier, Pit Bull, Aussie le Pembroke Welsh Corgi. Haeba u bona sebōpuoa se nang le ponahalo eohle ea sona se tšoanang le Morena oa Cavalier Charles Spaniel, empa ka seaparo se sesoeu sa perela, se khabisitsoeng ka matšoao a li-chestnut, joale ka monyetla oa 99,9% u na le Blenheim ka pel'a hau.

Taba e makatsang: kaha mefuta ea mebala hase kamehla e leng papali e se nang kotsi ea liphatsa tsa lefutso, tse ling tsa tsona ha lia lumelloa ho ikatisa. Haholo-holo, taboo mabapi le liteko tsa ho ikatisa e thehiloe bakeng sa batho ba albino, hammoho le lintja tsa sutu ea Isabella. Hape ho na le lithibelo tse 'maloa ho mebala ea merle, le hoja e se bakeng sa mefuta eohle.

Semelo le botho: re khetha mofuta ka boitšoaro

Mokhoa, o khetholloang ke li-cynologists e le o sa tšepahaleng ka ho fetisisa, hape ka linako tse ling o sebetsa. Haholo-holo haeba ntja e phatlalalitse mekhoa ea baemeli ba mofuta o reretsoeng. Haeba phoofolo ea lapeng e ile ea ipaka e le digger ea sebele, ho ka etsahala hore ebe o ne a le lehlohonolo feela ka liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa terrier. Ba ratang ho "fulisa" bohle ba nang le linaka le ba nang le mohatla ba bonahalang ba khetholloa ke mekhoa ea tlhaho ea lintja tsa molisa - li-collies tsa moeli, li-shelties, corgis.

Litloholo tsa lintja tse tsomang li tla chefo ka mokhoa o hlophisehileng boteng ba likatse tsohle tse potolohileng, hammoho le likhoho, haeba li le teng. Fans ea litoeba, likhoto le litoeba tse ling, joalo ka molao, ke li-dachshunds, ratlicks, cairn le jack russell terriers, hammoho le li-schnauzers tse nyane. St. Bernards, Golden Retrievers, Pugs, Papillon, Poodles le Labradors li lula li ikemiselitse ho "lesea" le ho qoqa le bana ba hau. Haeba u kopana le "monna ea khutsitseng" ea hlakileng, ho ka etsahala hore ebe baemeli ba mefuta e fokolang ea ho bohola ba ile ba tsejoa ho baholo-holo ba hae - Basenji, American Akita, Shiba Inu, Rhodesian Ridgeback, Afghan Hound, Greyhound.

Liphatsa tsa lefutso: Ho Thehoa ha Pedigree ka Tlhahlobo ea Liphatsa tsa lefutso

Naheng ea Russia, tlhahlobo ea DNA ea lintja e fanoa ke lilaboratori tse 'maloa ka nako e le ngoe. Mekhoa e tummeng ka ho fetisisa ea li-cynologists ke teko ea ho fumana tekanyo ea kamano le ho theha setšoantšo sa lefutso. Ka tloaelo, liphuputso tse joalo li sebetsa e le inshorense khahlanong le bahlahisi ba sa tšepahaleng. Pele u reka ntja ntle le litokomane, u ka romela biomaterial ea phoofolo le batsoali ba eona ho laboratori (ka tumellano le morekisi) ho etsa bonnete ba hore o fuoa phoofolo ea lapeng ho tsoa ho bahlahisi ba ileng ba bontšoa hantle.