Mafu a khafetsa a mefuta ea lintja tse nyane

Lethathamo la mafu, a lefutso le a fumanoang, le pharaletse haholo. Hangata masea a tšoaroa ke congenital dislocation ea patella, mafu a mahlo, lefu la tsoekere kapa dermatitis. A re hlahlobeng mafu a mang ka hloko. 

Ho tlosoa ha patella

Lefu lena ke lefu le atileng haholo la congenital anomaly mefuteng ea libapalisoa. Li- dislocation tsa patella li arotsoe ka congenital (liphatsa tsa lefutso) le tse fumanoang (tse bohloko). Hangata ka mefuta e menyenyane, patella e tsoa ka hare ho tloha sebakeng sa lengole (medial). Ke lehlakore le le leng kapa le le leng. 

Matšoao a kliniki a amanang le patella luxation a fapana haholo ho latela boima ba lefu lena. Patellar luxation e fumanoa motheong oa tlhahlobo ea masapo 'me e tiisoa ke tlhahlobo ea X-ray ea lipheletsong. Ho ea ka tekanyo ea tšenyo, ho itšetlehile ka tlhahlobo ea masapo, ho tlosoa ha patella ho hlahlojoa ka tekanyo ho tloha ho 0 ho ea ho 4. Mehatong ea pele ea pontšo ea lefu lena, hoa khoneha ho sebelisa phekolo e tsitsitseng, physiotherapy (ho sesa). ), ho laola boima ba 'mele hoa hlokahala.

Bakeng sa liphoofolo tse nang le tekanyo ea bobeli le e phahameng ea tsoelo-pele ea ho senyeha, ho kenella ho buuoa ho bontšoa. E lokelang ho etsoa kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang ho boloka mosebetsi oa motsoako le ho thibela tsoelo-pele ea pele ea ramatiki le arthrosis.

Li-pathologies tsa tsamaiso ea musculoskeletal li se li ntse li fumanoa nakong ea ente ea pele, 'me ngaka e akaretsang kapa setsebi se u romela ho ngaka ea masapo a liphoofolo.

Maloetse a mahlo

Lera la mahlo, entropion (eyelid torsion), corneal dystrophy, glaucoma, juvenile cataract, progressive retinal atrophy, blepharospasm, taar duct obstruction - lena ke lethathamo le sa fellang la mafu a mahlo ao mefuta e menyenyane e ka hlaseloang ke eona. Hangata tsena ke mafu a lefutso a bakoang ke ho ikatisa ka mokhoa o sa tšepahaleng oa lintja, eseng ka melao-motheo ea khetho, empa ka phaello ea khoebo. Kahoo, ka mefuta e nang le sebopeho se kileng sa e-ba le mesocephalic ea lehata, lefu la brachycephalic le hlaha ka lebaka la seo ho thoeng ke "sefahleho sa lesea". Ho lema ha mahlo, sebōpeho sa mahlo a mahlo le mesifa ea lehata la sefahleho le tsona li ile tsa fetoha. Ke habohlokoa ho tseba hore na mahlo a phoofolo e phetseng hantle a lokela ho shebahala joang e le hore a hlokomele lefu lena ka nako 'me a ikopanye le ophthalmologist ea bongaka ba liphoofolo. Conjunctiva e lokela ho ba e mongobo, e pinki e mosehla ka 'mala,' me bokaholimo ba leihlo bo be bo lekaneng le bo benyang. Ho tsoa mahlong ha hoa lokela ho ba joalo ka tloaelo, kapa ho tla ba bonolo ebile ho hlakile.

Dintshi tse phetseng hantle di lokela ho lekana hantle kgahlano le thaka ya leihlo mme di thelle ka bolokolohi hodima bokahodimo ba yona. Tabeng ena, ntja e lebisitsoe habonolo sebakeng se potolohileng ka nako leha e le efe ea letsatsi. Yorkshire Terriers e na le liteko tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso ho fumana tse ling tsa tsona.

Hydrocephalus

Lefu la congenital le khetholloang ke ho thehoa ho feteletseng le ho bokellana ha cerebrospinal fluid ka har'a li-ventricles tsa boko. Ka nako e ts'oanang, palo eohle ea boko e lula e sa fetohe, ka hona, ka lebaka la ho eketseha ha khatello ea li-ventricles tsa boko, palo ea lisele tsa methapo e fokotseha. Sena se lebisa ho lipontšo tse matla tsa lefu lena. Tsoelo-pele ea lefu lena e reretsoe ho se lumellane ka boholo ba boko le cranium, hammoho le tlōlo ea ho phalla ha joala ka lebaka la lefu la Chiari. Mefuta e hlaselehang habonolo ea lefu lena ke lintja tsa mofuta o monyane. Hydrocephalus e pakoa ke ponahalo e ikhethang ea ntja, e e khethollang ho littermates. Likarolo tse ka sehloohong ke lehata le leholo haholo molaleng o mosesaane; strabismus (strabismus ea mahlo a mahlo); mathata a boitšoaro (ho ba mabifi, bulimia, ho eketseha ha libido, mathata a koetliso).

Mathata a methapo ea kutlo (ho tsamaea ka selikalikoe, ho lebisa hlooho morao kapa ho sekamela ka lehlakoreng le leng). Haeba u hlokomela ntho leha e le efe e sa tloaelehang phoofolong ea hau ea lapeng, batla keletso ho ngaka ea methapo ea liphoofolo, sena se ka pholosa bophelo ba ntja.

Cryptorchidism

Ena ke bothata ba lefutso moo testis e sa keneng sekoti ka nako. Ka tloaelo, sena se etsahala ka letsatsi la 14, mefuta e meng e ka nka likhoeli tse 6. Cryptorchidism e atile haholo lintja tse nyane ho feta mefuta e meholo. Monyetla oa cryptorchidism ho lintja ke 1,2-10% (ho itšetlehile ka mofuta). Hangata, cryptorchidism e bonoa ka poodles, Pomeranians, Yorkshire terriers, Chihuahuas, lapdogs Malta, toy terriers. Tse tona tse joalo lia khaoloa 'me li ntšoa ho tsoalisong.

lefu la periodontitis

Lefu le tebileng la ho ruruha ha molomo oa molomo, leo, ha le ntse le tsoela pele, le ka amang lesapo la masapo le pota-potileng le ho tšehetsa meno. Lintja tsa mefuta e nyane ke bakuli ba khafetsa ho ngaka ea meno ea bongaka ba liphoofolo. Ho lintja tsa mefuta ena, letlapa le hlahang kapele le fetoha tartar. Ho lumeloa hore mathe a lintja tsa mefuta e menyenyane a fapane le mathe a lintja tse ling ka sebopeho sa liminerale. Ba na le ts'ebetso e potlakileng ea mineralization ea plaque.

Ho phaella moo, mabaka a 'maloa a tlatsetsa ho sena. Ho lintja tsa mefuta ea lipapali, meno a maholo ha a bapisoa le boholo ba mehlahare. Sebaka se pakeng tsa meno se nyane ho feta lintja tse "tloaelehileng". Ha ho na moroalo oa ho hlafuna (ho se ikemisetse ha ntja ho phunya). Ho ja khafetsa - ho tloaelehile hore lintja tse nyenyane li be le lijo ka sekotlolo letsatsi lohle, 'me ntja e ja hanyenyane letsatsi lohle. Lijo tse bonolo tse mongobo le tsona li ama. Ho hlokomela lehae la molomo oa ntja ea ntja, u lokela ho qala ho e tloaela hang ha e kena lelapeng la hau. Tlhokomelo ea pele ea bohloeki ea sekoti sa molomo ke ngaka ea meno ea bongaka ba liphoofolo e etsoa pele ho lilemo tse 2. 

Ho putlama ha trachea

Boloetse bo sa foleng bo ikemiselitseng ka liphatsa tsa lefutso bo amanang le ho holofala ha li-anatomical tsa mehele ea tracheal. Ka lebaka la ho batalla ha trachea, lumen e fumana sebopeho sa crescent. Sena se lebisa ho ho kopana ho ke keng ha qojoa le khohlano ea marako a ka holimo le a ka tlaase a trachea, e bonahalang ka bongaka ka ho khohlela ho matla a sa tšoaneng, ho fihlela ho bipetsana le lefu. Lintho tse hlohlelletsang nts'etsopele ea setšoantšo sa kliniki sa ho putlama ha tracheal li kenyelletsa botenya, tšoaetso ea phefumoloho, ho eketseha ha lintho tse halefisang moeeng (mosi oa sakerete, lerōle, joalo-joalo).

Hangata, lefu lena le fumanoa ho baemeli ba mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea lintja. Lebaka la sena e ka 'na ea e-ba bokooa ba congenital ba lefufuru la larynx le trachea, hammoho le mafu a nako e telele, a sa foleng a ho ruruha a pampiri ea ho hema, edema e amanang le ho kula, likotsi,' mele oa linaheng tse ling, lihlahala, lefu la pelo, endocrine. mafu.

Liphoofolo tse joalo li hloka tlhahlobo e felletseng. Sena se hlokahala haholo ho tseba boteng le boemo ba nts'etsopele ea pathology. Ho hloleha ho phefumoloha e ka ba sesosa le phello ea ho putlama ha tracheal. Tlhahlobo e na le litlhahlobo tse peli tse tloaelehileng (liteko tsa mali, liteko tsa moroto, ultrasound) le tlhahlobo ea pono (X-ray, tracheobronchoscopy). Hang ha tlhahlobo e joalo e etsoa, ​​​​ho na le lintho tse fokolang tseo u tla li fumana ho phoofolo ea hau ea lapeng. Ka hona, haeba ntja e etsa melumo e sa tloaelehang ha e phefumoloha, e bipetsa ka khalefo kapa sebokeng se monate, 'me mohlomong ka nako ea tšabo, u lokela ho ikopanya le tleliniki hang-hang bakeng sa tlhahlobo. 

Matšoao a Brachycephalic

Lefu lena le kenyelletsa stenosis ea linko, ho hola le ho teteana ha mahalapa a bonolo, ho putlama ha qoqotho le ho putlama ha qoqotho. Matšoao a ferekanngoa habonolo le lefu le fetileng, empa lefu la brachycephalic le ka khoneha ho phekolo ea ho buuoa ka lipalo-palo tse ntle haholo tsa postoperative. Ntho e ka sehloohong ke ho sebetsa kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang.

U ke ke ua khothaletsa ho khetha motsoalle ho latela lipalo-palo tse omeletseng le lethathamo la mathata a ka bang teng, hobane ha ho na mefuta ea lintja tse phetseng hantle. Empa ha u ikhethela phoofolo ea lapeng, u lokela ho tseba seo u tla kopana le sona le ho thibela mathata ohle a ka khonehang ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang.  

Mafu a mefuta e meng

Australian silky terrier: Lefu la Legg-Calve-Perthers, patellar luxation, lefu la tsoekere, ho putlama ha tracheal, ho ba le monyetla oa ho ba le dermatitis le ho se sebetse ha qoqotho.

Bichon Frize: lefu la sethoathoa, urolithiasis, lefu la tsoekere, hypotrichosis (ho lahleheloa ke moriri), ho se tsitse ha atlanto-axial, patellar luxation, dermatitis, tšekamelo ea ho itšoara hantle, lera la mahlo, entropion, corneal dystrophy.

Bolognese (Ntja ea serope ea Italy): tšekamelo ea ho ba le dermatitis, tlōlo ea phetoho ea meno, periodontitis. 

Greyhound ea Italy (Italian Greyhound): cataract, progressive retinal atrophy, glaucoma, corneal dystrophy, juvenile cataract, sethoathoa, Legg-Calve-Perthers lefu, patellar luxation, periodontitis, alopecia, cryptorchidism, color mutational alopecia.

Yorkshire terrier: anomalies ho nts'etsopele ea masapo a lehata, cryptorchidism, dislocation ea patella, lefu la Legg-Calve-Perters, ho putlama ha tracheal, phetoho e sa sebetseng ea meno, periodontitis, distichiasis, hypoglycemia; portosystemic shunts, deformity of the heart valves, atlanto-axial instability, allergic skin disease, dermatoses, dermatitis, hydrocephalus, conjunctivitis, cataracts, blepharospasm, urolithiasis, ho eketseha ha karabelo ea meriana, lithethefatsi.

SemaltaMantsoe a bohlokoa: glaucoma, occlusion ea lacrimal ducts, retinal atrophy le distichiasis, tšekamelo ea ho dermatitis, tšekamelo ea ho hloka kutlo, hydrocephalus, hypoglycemia, bofokoli ba pelo, congenital subluxation ea patella, pyloric stenosis, cryptorchidism, portosystemic shunts.

Papillon (Continental Toy Spaniel): entropy, cataract, corneal dystrophy, ho se utloe litsebeng, patellar luxation, follicular dysplasia. 

Pomeranian Spitz: ho se tsitse ha atlanto-axial, patellar luxation, hypothyroidism, cryptorchidism, tracheal collapse, sinus node weak syndrome, congenital dislocation ea etsoe joint, cataract, entropion, progressive retinal atrophy, sethoathoa, dwarfism, abnormalities sebopeho sa skull skull.

Serussia toy terrier: ho senyeha ha patella, cataract, tsoelo-pele ea retina atrophy, hydrocephalus, periodontitis, ho senyeha ho fetoha ha meno.

Chihuahua: hydrocephalus, periodontitis, pulmonary stenosis, retinal atrophy, luxation of the patella, cryptorchidism, tracheal collapse, mitral valve dysplasia, hypoglycemia, dwarfism, ho se tloaelehe ha ho thehoa ha masapo a lehata.

Hin ea Japane (Chin, Japanese Spaniel): patella luxation, cataract, brachycephalic syndrome, hypothyroidism, mitral valve stenosis, khoholeho ea iris, distichiasis, tsoelo-pele ea retinal atrophy, vitreoretinal dysplasia, cryptorchidism, dwarfism, hemivertebra, hip dysplasia, atlanto-axilostability ea lenonyeletso la setsoe, ho kheloha ha patella, achondroplasia, lefu la sethoathoa.

Petersburg orchid: hydrocephalus, tlōlo ea phetoho ea meno, periodontitis, lefu la sethoathoa, lefu la Legg-Calve-Perthers, ho senyeha ha patella.

Toy fox terrier: spinocerebellar ataxia e nang le myokymia le / kapa ho ferekana, periodontitis, cryptorchidism.