Salamandra salamander (Salamandra salamandra)

Moemeli e moholo oa lelapa la Salamandriae, e ntle haholo bakeng sa ba qalang le mohlokomeli ea tsoetseng pele.

Sebaka

Mollo salamander e fumanoa Afrika Leboea, Asia Minor, ka Boroa le Europe Bohareng, ka bochabela e fihla le maralla a Carpathians. Lithabeng e nyolohela bophahamong ba limithara tse 2000. E lula matsoapong a nang le lifate haufi le mabōpo a melapo le linōka, e rata meru ea khale ea beech e tletseng litšiea tsa moea.

Tlhaloso

Salamander ea mollo ke phoofolo e kholo haholo, e sa fihle bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 20-28, ha bolelele bo ka tlaase ho halofo bo oela mohatleng o chitja. E pentiloe ka botsho bo kganyang ka matheba a bosehla bo kganyang ka sebopeho se sa tlwaelehang a hasaneng hohle mmeleng. Maropo a makgutshwane empa a matla, ka menwana e mene ka pele le e mehlano maotong a ka morao. Mmele o sephara ebile o moholo. Ha e na lera la ho sesa. Mahlakoreng a molomo o chitja o chitja ho na le mahlo a maholo a matšo. Ka holim'a mahlo ho na le "lintši" tse mosehla. Ka mor'a mahlo ho na le litšoelesa tse telele tsa convex - parotids. Meno a bohale ebile a chitja. Li-salamanders tsa mollo ke bosiu. Mokhoa oa ho ikatisa ha salamander ena ke ntho e sa tloaelehang: ha e behe mahe, empa ka likhoeli tse 10 kaofela e e jara 'meleng oa eona, ho fihlela nako e fihla ea hore li-larvae li qhotse mahe. Nakoana pele ho sena, salamander, ea lulang lebōpong la leoatle, o kena fesheneng 'me o lokolloa mahe, ao ho tloha ho 2 ho ea ho 70 li-larvae li hlahang hang-hang.

Li-larvae tsa mollo oa mollo

Li-larvae hangata li hlaha ka Hlakola. Li na le lipara tse 3 tsa likheo tsa gill le mohatla o sephara. Qetellong ea lehlabula, li-gill tsa masea li nyamela 'me li qala ho hema ka matšoafo,' me mohatla o fetoha o chitja. Hona joale li entsoe ka botlalo, li-salamanders tse nyenyane li tloha ka letamong, empa li tla fetoha batho ba baholo ka lilemo tse 3-4.

Dikahare botlamuoeng

Ho boloka li-salamanders tsa mollo, o tla hloka aquarium. Haeba ho le thata ho fumana, joale aquarium e ka ba e loketseng, ha feela e le khōlō ka ho lekaneng 90 x 40 x 30 centimeters bakeng sa 2-3 salamanders (2 banna ha ba utloane hammoho). Litekanyo tse kholo joalo lia hlokahala e le hore ho khonehe ho amohela polokelo ea 20 x 14 x 5 centimeters. Ho theoha ho lokela ho ba bonolo kapa salamander ea hau, e kene ho eona, e ke ke ea khona ho tsoa moo. Metsi a tlameha ho fetoloa letsatsi le letsatsi. Bakeng sa ho robala, mobu o makhasi o nang le peat e nyenyane, li-flakes tsa kokonate li loketse. Li-salamanders li rata ho cheka, kahoo karolo ea substrate e lokela ho ba lisenthimithara tse 6-12. Hloekisa libeke tse ling le tse ling tse peli ho isa ho tse tharo. Ha ba hlatsoe aquarium feela, empa le lintho tsohle tse ho eona. BOHLOKOA! Leka ho se sebelise li-detergent tse fapaneng. Ntle le letamo le lera la 6-12 cm, ho lokela ho ba le matloana. E na le thuso: Likhapetla, lipitsa tsa lipalesa tse phahamisitsoeng, lehong la driftwood, moss, majoe a bataletseng, joalo-joalo. Motšehare mocheso e lokela ho ba 16-20°C, bosiu 15-16°C. Mollo oa mollo ha o mamelle mocheso o ka holimo ho 22-25 ° C. Ka hona, aquarium e ka behoa haufi le fatše. Mongobo o lokela ho ba o phahameng - 70-95%. Ho etsa sena, letsatsi le leng le le leng limela (tse seng kotsi ho phoofolo ea hau ea lapeng) le substrate li fafatsoa ka botlolo ea spray.

Ho fepa

Li-salamanders tsa batho ba baholo li hloka ho feptjoa letsatsi le leng le le leng, li-salamanders tse nyane makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi. Hopola: ho fepa ho feta tekano ho kotsi ho feta ho fepa! Lijong tseo u ka li sebelisang: li-bloodworms, li-earthworms le liboko tsa lijo, lihlopha tsa nama ea khomo e omeletseng, sebete se tala kapa lipelo (u se ke ua lebala ho tlosa mafura le li-membrane), li-guppies (makhetlo a 2-3 ka beke).

Mehato ea polokeho

Ho sa tsotellehe 'nete ea hore salamanders ke liphoofolo khotso, ba hlokolosi: ho kopana le lera la mucous (mohlala: mahlong a) etsa hore tukang le ho koalloa. Hlatsoa matsoho pele le ka mor'a ho tšoara salamander. Tšoara salamander hanyane kamoo ho ka khonehang, kaha e ka chesoa!