Canine Genetics: Nutrigenomics le Matla a Epigenetics

Botsa mong'a pooch ea makatsang hore na ke mefuta efe eo ba nahanang hore motsoalle oa bona ea maoto a mane ke motsoako oa eona, 'me ba tla arolelana likhakanyo tsa bona ka cheseho. Ha e le hantle, Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Baeletsi ba Boitšoaro ba Liphoofolo (IAABC) o na le sebaka sa marang-rang moo barati ba lintja ba ka lekang tsebo ea bona ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa phoofolo ea lapeng le ho leka matsoho a bona ho hakanya motsoako oa mefuta ea lintja. Ho sa tsotellehe hore na u labalabela ho tseba ka tšimoloho ea phoofolo ea hau ea lapeng kapa u batla ho tseba haholoanyane ka mokhoa oa ho boloka phoofolo ea hau ea lapeng e phetse hantle, liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa canine li na le likarabo tsa lipotso tsa hau.

Patlisiso ea DNA ea Canine

Haeba u ne u e-na le 'mapa oa liphatsa tsa lefutso oa ntja ea hau, u ne u ka khona ho ithuta eng ho tsoa ho DNA ea ntja? Ka lehlohonolo, saense e sebetsa ka thata ho ithuta liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa ntja le ho ithuta mekhoa e mecha ea ho thusa metsoalle ea rona e boea ho phela hantle.

Matsatsing ana, ngaka ea liphoofolo e ka lekola DNA ea ntja ea hau habonolo ho bona hore na ke mefuta efe ea lintja e etsang lelapa la hae. Lingaka tse ngata litleliniking tsa bongaka ba liphoofolo ha li na khetho ena. Ba romela lisampole tsa bona lab ho fumana liphetho. Ho boetse ho na le lisebelisoa tsa lapeng tseo u ka li sebelisang 'me liteko li tla hlahlojoa ke litsebi tsa lefutso ka laboratoring. Bo-rasaense ba ithuta liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa ntja ka tsela e ts'oanang eo ba ithutang DNA ea motho ka eona: ka ho beha sampole e nkiloeng ho swab ka mor'a lerama la ntja mochining o etsang 'mapa oa liphatsa tsa lefutso' me o batla matšoao. Ho ipapisitsoe le lab ea tlhahlobo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso eo ngaka ea hau ea liphoofolo e e sebelisang, u tla fumana tlaleho mabapi le botsoali ba ntja ea hau kapa lintlha tse ling tsa bongaka.

Liphatsa tsa lefutso le bophelo bo botle

Liphatsa tsa lefutso li ka re bolella ho hongata ka lintja tsa rona. Ho fumana hore ntja ea hau ke karolo ea Greyhound 'me karolo ea Doberman ke ntlha feela ea leqhoa. Khoutu ea lefutso e boetse e re fa leseli la bohlokoa mabapi le litšobotsi tse ka bang teng tsa botho, mekhoa ea lefu la lefutso, hore na ntja ea hau e ka hola hakae, le hore na e tla tšolla kapa che nakong e tlang.

Le hoja re tseba hore hase eona feela lebaka, DNA ea ntja e ka boela ea bolela esale pele hore na ntja e tla ba le mathata a itseng a bophelo bo botle. Liphatsa tsa lefutso li ka senola hore na ntja e na le liphetoho tsa lefutso tse ka lebisang lefung, ’me tsebo e joalo e nolofalletsa beng ba liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng ho nka mehato ea thibelo ho fokotsa likotsi tse ka ’nang tsa hlaha. Ka mohlala, MDR1 ke liphatsa tsa lefutso tse nang le phetoho e etsang hore ntja e utloe meriana e itseng. Lintja tse nang le phetoho ea MDR1 li ka ba le litlamorao tse mpe haholo. Ho latela Univesithi ea Washington Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, ho hlahloba ntja ea hau bakeng sa phetoho ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa MDR1 ho ka e thusa ho qoba litlamorao tsena tse mpe.

Lefa le bolulo

Tsela e bonolo ea ho utloisisa DNA ea ntja ke ho nahana ka eona e le motheo oa 'mele oa ntja ea hau, ho khetholla feela litšobotsi tsa' mele empa le boitšoaro. Ho latela nalane, batho ba bangata ba ne ba lumela hore liphatsa tsa lefutso li laetse bokamoso bo ke keng ba qojoa - haeba u ne u e-na le letšoao la lefutso bakeng sa lefu, u tla fumana lefu lena. Empa hona joale rea tseba hore haeba genotype e na le letšoao, sena ha se bolele hore ntja e tla hlahisa pathology nakong e tlang.

Ka mantsoe a mang, DNA ea ntja ha e laole qetello ea eona. Makasine ea Discover e hlalosa hore lebaka la sena ke letoto la mabaka a mang a bitsoang epigenetics a susumetsang boitšoaro le ponahalo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso (ho bulela le ho tima) ntle le ho fetola sebōpeho sa tsona sa ’mele. Epigenetics e akaretsa lintlha tse peli tse futsitsoeng tse amang maikutlo le maemo a tikoloho.

Matla a epigenetics

Hona joale bo-rasaense ba utloisisa hore maemo a tikoloho a kang khatello ea kelello, tšoaetso, lijo le boikoetliso li bohlokoa haholo ho laola liphatsa tsa lefutso ho feta kamoo ho neng ho nahanoa kateng pele. Ho phaella moo, microbiota ea phoofolo ea lapeng, likokoana-hloko tse nyenyane tse phelang ho eona le ho tsona, li bohlokoa ho feta kamoo ho neng ho nahanoa kateng pele 'me li se li qala ho utloisisoa. Ho batho, lintlha tsena li ka ba tsa ama le meloko e tlang. Phuputso ea Seswedishe ho European Journal of Human Genetics e fumane hore litloholo tsa banna ba neng ba ja haholo nakong ea bongoana ba ne ba ka ba le lefu la tsoekere le lefu la pelo ka lebaka la ho ja ho tlōla!

Joalo ka batho, mokhoa oa bophelo oa ntja le tikoloho li sebelisana ka kotloloho le DNA ea eona ho susumetsa liphetoho tse ntle kapa tse mpe tsa epigenetic. Esita le haeba ntja ea hau e na le genotype e loketseng, lintlha tse amang epigenetics, tse kang ho phela bophelo bo botle kapa lijo tse sa jeng hantle, li ka senya motheo oa bophelo ba hae. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho boloka ntja ea hau e phetse hantle kamoo ho ka khonehang ho ka thusa ho fokotsa kotsi ea ho ba le bothata boo mofuta oa hae o lebelletseng ho bona.

Nutrigenomics: phepo e nepahetseng + liphatsa tsa lefutso

Maele ana a khale ke 'nete ho rona le ho liphoofolo tsa lapeng: u seo u se jang. Phepo ke mokhanni ea matla oa phetoho ea epigenetic e amang DNA ea ntja ea hau. Metsoako le limatlafatsi tse fapaneng li na le matla a ho susumetsa ts'ebetso kapa polelo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso, 'me li ka fetola le hore na lefu la lefutso le iponahatsa joang. Thuto ea phello ea phepo e nepahetseng ho genome e tsejoa e le nutrigenomics. Saense ea sejoale-joale e ke ke ea fa ngaka ea liphoofolo mokhoa oa boselamose bakeng sa bophelo bo botle, empa ona ke moeli o mocha o thabisang oa kalafo ea thibelo bakeng sa liphoofolo tsa lapeng.

U ka ama bophelo bo botle ba liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa ntja joang? Etsa sohle se matleng a hau ho susumetsa mabaka a epigenetic ka mokhoa o nepahetseng: fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo, etsa hore a ikoetlise haholo, 'me u mo fe lijo tse phetseng hantle. Ho khetha lijo tsa phoofolo ea lapeng tse phetseng hantle, tse thehiloeng lipatlisisong tse 'nileng tsa batlisisoa haholo' me tsa pakoa li le molemo ho baeloji ea ntja ea hau ke mohato o moholo oa pele. U ka 'na ua sitoa ho fetola moralo oa hae oa lefutso, empa tsebo e nyenyane ea liphatsa tsa lefutso e ka u thusa ho boloka ntja ea hau e thabile ebile e phetse hantle.