Axolotl. Joang ho boloka phoofolo e joalo?

Axolotl (Axolotl) ke larva ea neotenic ea mefuta e meng ea ambistoma. Neoteny - bokhoni ba lintho tse phelang ho fihlela kholo ea thobalano le ho ikatisa nakong ea larva kapa mohato oa pele oa kholo. Liphoofolo tse ling tse phelang metsing le metsing, liboko, li-arthropods le mosses le li-fern li na le bokhoni bona. Meloko ea boholo-holo e ne e ja li-axolotl, mehleng ena ho thibetsoe ho tšoara amphibian - e thathamisitsoe Bukeng e khubelu, 'me ka tlhaho e haufi le ho fela,' me boholo ba li-axolotl li bolokiloe lapeng. Lapeng, li-axolotl tsa ambystoma ea Mexico (Ambystoma mexicanum) hangata li bolokiloe, hangata - nkoe ambystoma (Ambystoma tigrinum). Axolotl e na le ponahalo e ntle haholo: hlooho e kholo e nang le lipara tse tharo tsa li-gill tse ka ntle, molomo o sephara o nang le meno a manyane, joalo ka ha eka o lula o bososela, mahlo a manyane a chitja. Mohatla oa axolotl o bataletse ka mahlakoreng, o sephara ebile o molelele, ka lepheo le qalang ho tloha bohareng ba mokokotlo. 'Mele o koahetsoe ke letlalo le boreleli le nang le li-grooves tse otlolohileng ka mahlakoreng.

Axolotl e khona ho hema ka li-gill le matšoafo. Ntho e 'ngoe e thahasellisang ea axolotl ke bokhoni ba ho tsosolosa likarolo tsa' mele tse lahlehileng, tse kang li-gill le maoto le matsoho, esita le masapo a ntse a hōla ka tsosoloso e feletseng ea mesebetsi. Boholo ba axolotl ea motho e moholo ka karolelano ke 20-25 cm, hangata ha bo hole ho feta 35 cm.

Li-axolotl li ka ba tsa mebala e fapaneng (morph): Hlaha / Tloaelehileng - "hlaha" 'mala o moputsoa-sootho, Melanistic - e ntšo e tebileng, Koporo - matheba a lefifi mokokotlong o mofubelu, Mosaic - matheba a khauta a sa tšoaneng a hasane 'meleng o lefifi, Leucistic - e tšoeu e nang le li-gills tse khanyang, tse tšoanang le albino, empa ka mahlo a mebala, Dirty Leucistic - pigmentation e sa phethoang, matheba a matšo kapa a sootho 'meleng o mosoeu, Gold Albino - li-axolotl tsa khauta tse mosehla tse khanyang tse nang le mahlo a mosehla, le White Albino - li-albino tse tšoeu. ya mahlo a kganyang le morutoana o mokgubedu.

Mokhoa oa ho boloka axolotl?

Ha u boloka li-axolotl, hoa hlokahala ho ela hloko likarolo tse ling tsa bohlokoa tsa litaba tse tla ama boleng ba bophelo le bophelo bo botle ba sebopuoa sena se makatsang.

Mocheso le bohloeki ba metsi

Lintlha tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa ho boloka axolotl ke mocheso le bohloeki ba metsi. Ka tlhaho, li lula matamong a batang, moo mocheso o tloaelehileng oa metsi o bolokiloeng ka likhato tse 13-20 le ka tlase. Hape hoa hlokahala ho boloka mocheso o tlase oa metsi ka aquarium - ho eketseha ha mocheso ka holimo ho likhato tse 23-24 ho kotsi ho axolotl. Ho pholisa metsi, o ka sebelisa li-chillers ka bobeli bakeng sa li-aquarium - lihatsetsi tse khethehileng, empa hangata li theko e boima haholo, kapa li sebelisa li-cool units tse ka pholisang metsi ka likhato tse ka bang 5, 'me matsatsing a chesang a pholiso a eketsehileng ka libotlolo tsa leqhoa. Ha li- cooler li buletsoe, metsi a fetoha mouoane ka potlako; ho e-na le hoo, o hloka ho eketsa metsi a hloekileng a pholileng. Metsi a lokela ho ba a hloekileng, acidity ea metsi (pH) - 7-8, thata (dH) - 6-16. U ka tlosa litšila ho tloha ka tlase ka siphon, 'me kamehla - hang ka beke, etsa liphetoho tsa metsi (20-30%) bakeng sa metsi a hloekileng, a lutseng hantle bonyane letsatsi.

Aquarium, mobu le lisebelisoa tsa aquarium

Bakeng sa axolotl e le 'ngoe e kholo, e tla nka ho tloha ho lilithara tse 40 tsa metsi, ka ho khetheha ho feta. Aquarium e lokela ho ba ea mofuta o tšekaletseng, bonyane bolelele ba 50 cm bakeng sa motho a le mong, 'me e be le sebaka se seholo se tlase. Hape, aquarium e tlameha ho ba le sekwahelo. Hoa hlokahala ho beha filthara ea kahare kapa kantle ka komporo ea aquarium. Phallo ea metsi le moea ha ea lokela ho ba matla haholo, o ka sebelisa molumo oa lekolilo ho senya phallo kapa ho tsamaisa jete e tsoang ka sefeneng leboteng. Hoa hlokahala ho hloekisa filthara ka nako e loketseng, kaha li-axolotl li hlahisa litšila tse ngata. Mobu o lokela ho ba o boreleli, o se ke oa ba le likhahla tse bohale, e le hore axolotl e se ke ea lematsa letlalo le boreleli, 'me karoloana e kholo haholo, melomo e mengata ea amphibian, e le hore e se ke ea e metsa, e le khetho, e boloke e se na mobu ho hang. . Lebone ha lea lokela ho khanya, axolotl e tla phutholoha haholoanyane khanyeng e pharalletseng.

Lintho tse khabisitsoeng, libaka tsa bolulo, limela

Li-Axolotl ha li bone hantle 'me ha li rate leseli le khanyang, ka hona ho bohlokoa ho kenya matloana ka har'a aquarium. Mekhabiso le libaka tsa bolulo ka har'a aquarium le tsona li lokela ho se be le lintho tse bohale. Majoe a maholo, lehong la driftwood, lipitsa tse kholo tsa ceramic, mekhabiso e sekoti, esita le liphaephe tsa polasetiki li ka sebelisoa e le mekhabiso le matlo a bolulo. Ke habohlokoa hore mokhabisong likoti tsohle li be kholo ho feta axolotl ka boeona, 'me e ke ke ea khomarela kae kapa kae. Limela li ka lengoa, empa u se ke ua khetha limela tse bonolo tse nang le metso e metle, kapa u li behe ka ho toba ka lipitsa, kaha axolotl e batla e le mahlahahlaha ebile e na le pono e fosahetseng, 'me e ka oela limela. Axolotl ha e tsotelle hore na semela se ntse se phela, kahoo limela tsa maiketsetso li ka boela tsa sebelisoa, hape, ntle le likhahla tse bohale le likhutlo, ho tloha thepa ea boleng bo phahameng e sa ntšeng lintho tse kotsi ka metsing.

Na hoa khoneha ho nka axolotl matsohong a hau?

Mocheso oa matsoho a motho o chesa haholo bakeng sa letlalo le boreleli la axolotl ea metsi a batang. Maemong a tšohanyetso, matsoho a hloka ho pholile, empa ho molemo ho sebelisa letlooa le leholo bakeng sa ho jala.    

A na u ka boloka axolotl le liphoofolo tse ling tsa aquarium?

Ke ntho e lakatsehang ho boloka li-axolotl ka har'a aquarium ea mefuta, moo ho tla bolokoa li-axolotl feela. O tla ja litlhapi tse nyenyane le li-shrimp, haholo-holo bosiu. Baahi ba bangata ba se ba ntse ba ka lematsa axolotl ka boeona, ho ingoaea, ho loma, litlhapi tse mafolofolo li hula moqomo o bonolo oa li-gill. Hangata mocheso o tlase joalo oa metsi ha o loketse baahi ba bang ba aquarium. Li-axolotl, ho phaella moo, li khetholloa ke cannibalism, motho e moholo o na le monyetla oa ho ja e nyenyane. Ka hona, hoa hlokahala hore li-axolotl tsohle tse lulang hammoho li be le boholo bo lekanang.

Seo u lokelang ho se fepa axolotl?

Axolotl ke sebata mme e iphepa ka lijo tsa liphoofolo. Motheo oa lijo tsa li-axolotl tsa malapeng e ka ba lijo tsa leoatleng tse khaotsoeng (li-mussels, squids, octopus), li-shrimp tse tala (tse sa phehiloeng), li-fillet tsa tlhapi tse se nang masapo, li-cricket tse nang le maoto a tlosoa, liboko tse nyenyane kapa tse khaotsoeng, li-bloodworms. Ka ho qetela, u lokela ho ba hlokolosi, kaha kotsi ea chefo e phahame. Haeba lijo li sa phele, li ka fanoa ka li-tweezers, haholo-holo ka ntlha e bonolo ea rabara, kaha li-axolotl li na le pono e mpe, li itšoara ka ho sisinyeha, 'me li tšoara phofu ka jerk e bohale. Ha ho ratehe ho fana ka nama ea likhoho, nama ea khomo le lihlahisoa tse ling tsa nama ho li-axolotl, kaha ha li na lijo bakeng sa tsona. Fepa motho e moholo axolotl makhetlo a 1-2 ka beke. Haeba ka mor'a ho fepa ho na le likotoana tsa lijo ka tlase, u ka li tlosa ka letlooa kapa siphon, e le hore u qobe ho senya metsi.

Ho hlahisa li-axolotl

Ho hlahisa li-axolotl lapeng hangata ho bonolo. Ho kena bonneng kapa bonneng kapa bohlankaneng ho hlaha haufi le selemo. 

Pele li tsoala, tse tona le tse tšehali li tlameha ho aroloa libeke tse 'maloa' me mocheso oa litaba o lokela ho theoleloa ka likhato tse 'maloa. Bahlahisi ba hloka ho feptjoa hantle, ka mor'a moo ba kenngoa ka har'a aquarium e arohaneng. Ka mor'a ho emola, o behela mahe. Ka mor'a hore mahe a behiloe, lipeo li hloka ho tlosoa kaha li ka ja mahe. Bakeng sa nts'etsopele e nepahetseng ea mahe, liphetoho tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa metsi lia hlokahala. Ho feta moo, mahe ohle a soeufalitsoeng a tlameha ho tlosoa ka har'a aquarium, e le ho qoba tšenyo ea metsi le ho senya mahe a mang kaofela.

Ka mor'a matsatsi a 14-16, ka mor'a moo li-larvae tse nyenyane tsa pele li hlaha maheng. Ha u tlohela lehe, fry e na le li-gill feela, empa ha e na maoto le matsoho. Maoto a ka morao a hlaha ka nako e ka etsang beke, maoto a ka pele ka likhoeli tse 3-4.

Hoo e ka bang beke ba fepa ka thuso ea yolk sac, hamorao ba fetola lijo - "lerōle le phelang", 'me hamorao ho daphnia e nyenyane, cyclops. Ho bohlokoa hore u se ke ua fepa bana ho feta tekano, empa hape le ho fepa ka ho lekaneng e le hore ba hole le ho hola hantle. Li-axolotl tse hōlileng butle-butle li qala ho fana ka lijo tse tšoanang le tsa batho ba baholo, li khaola e le hore a ka li metsa. Hoa hlokahala ho lula u lutse fry ha e ntse e hōla, kaha ho ja batho ho tloaelehile.

Ka litaba tse nepahetseng, phoofolo ea lapeng e sa tloaelehang, axolotl, e tla u thabisa ka bophelo bo botle le boits'oaro bo khahlisang ka lilemo tse 10-15.